What methods can be used to increase the life of bearings?
Published on:
2025-05-30 14:34
What methods can be used to increase the life of bearings? This article will discuss this topic in detail.
Correct selection
Reasonable calculation of load: According to the actual operation of the equipment, accurately calculate the radial load, axial load and combined load borne by the bearing. Consider the size, direction and nature of the load (such as constant load, alternating load, impact load, etc.), and select the bearing type and specification that can withstand the corresponding load.
Consider the working environment: Choose the appropriate bearing material and protection form according to different working environment conditions. For example, in a high temperature environment, you can choose high temperature resistant ceramic bearings or special alloy steel bearings; in an environment with corrosive media, you should choose stainless steel bearings or bearings with anti-corrosion coatings.
Reference speed requirements: Select the appropriate bearing type and precision grade according to the speed requirements of the equipment. Generally speaking, ball bearings are suitable for higher speed occasions, and roller bearings are suitable for situations with larger loads but relatively lower speeds.
Installation and assembly
Ensure installation accuracy: When installing bearings, strictly follow the operating procedures to ensure the matching accuracy between the bearings and the shaft and the bearing seat. Use appropriate installation tools to avoid rough installation, such as using hydraulic presses, heating installation, etc. to ensure that the bearings are installed in place and are not damaged.
Ensure the correct clearance: Too much or too little clearance will affect the life of the bearing. During installation, the appropriate clearance should be adjusted according to the type of bearing, working conditions and other factors. The clearance can be controlled by measuring, adjusting the thickness of the shim or using preload.
Pay attention to the installation sequence: For some complex bearing installation structures, pay attention to the installation sequence to ensure that each component is installed in the correct position. For example, when installing multi-joint bearings or bearings with seals, spacers and other components, they must be installed in the prescribed sequence to avoid installation errors.
Lubrication and sealing
Choose the appropriate lubricant: Choose the appropriate lubricant according to the working conditions of the bearing, such as speed, load, temperature, working environment, etc. For bearings with high speed and light load, you can choose a lubricant with a lower viscosity; for bearings with low speed and heavy load, you should choose a lubricant or grease with a higher viscosity.
Regularly replenish and replace lubricants: Establish a regular lubrication maintenance system, and regularly check and replenish lubricants according to the equipment operation time or working hours. At the same time, pay attention to the quality of the lubricant. If the lubricant is found to be deteriorating or contaminated, replace it in time.
Optimize the seal design: Use effective sealing methods to prevent external impurities, moisture, etc. from entering the bearing, and prevent lubricant leakage. Common sealing forms include contact seals and non-contact seals. You can choose the appropriate sealing form according to the specific working conditions and ensure the installation quality and reliability of the seal.
Operation and maintenance
Monitoring the operating status: By installing vibration monitors, temperature sensors and other equipment, the operating status of the bearing can be monitored in real time. Once the vibration value, temperature and other parameters of the bearing are found to be beyond the normal range, timely analysis and processing will be carried out to avoid further expansion of the fault.
Control working conditions: Try to keep the working environment of the bearing stable and avoid adverse working conditions such as too high or too low temperature, excessive humidity, strong vibration and impact. For some equipment that is easily affected by environmental factors, corresponding protective measures can be taken, such as installing cooling devices, shock absorbers, etc.
Regular inspection and maintenance: Develop a detailed equipment maintenance plan and regularly inspect and maintain the bearings. The inspection content includes the appearance, wear, clearance change, lubrication status, etc. of the bearings. Clean the dust, oil and other impurities on the surface of the bearings in time, and repair or replace any problems found in time.
System optimization
Improve equipment design: From the perspective of overall equipment design, optimize the bearing installation structure and force mode to reduce the additional stress and deformation borne by the bearing. For example, reasonably design the stiffness and support structure of the shaft to avoid the adverse effects of shaft flexure on the bearing.
Improve system stability: Ensure that the entire transmission system of the equipment has good stability and balance, and reduce the impact of system vibration, imbalance and other problems on bearing life. Regularly inspect and maintain motors, gearboxes and other related components to ensure they are in good operating condition.
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