What is vibration measurement and why is it so important for bearings?
Published on:
2025-07-25 09:09
Vibration measurement is an important means of evaluating the operating status of mechanical systems, especially for bearing performance monitoring. To understand vibration measurement, you need to master three basic parameters: displacement, velocity and acceleration.
Vibration is the reciprocating motion of an object around its initial position. Displacement is the distance the vibrating object has moved from its starting point; frequency (measured in Hertz Hz) is the number of vibration cycles completed per unit time. Multiplying the displacement by the frequency gives the vibration velocity, which reflects the intensity of the bearing movement. Generally, the higher the vibration velocity, the greater the bearing noise. Common equipment such as vibration testers or Anderon meters can measure this parameter.
However, vibration velocity cannot fully reflect the stress condition of the system. For frequencies above 2000 Hz, vibration acceleration becomes a more critical indicator, which can reveal the potential destructive force value in high-frequency vibration and help evaluate the true dynamic load borne by the bearing.
Why is vibration measurement important?
Bearings are not perfect and even after precision machining, there are still small irregularities in the ball and raceway surfaces. These irregularities induce vibrations during operation, which, if not properly controlled, will accelerate wear, increase noise, and lead to premature equipment failure.
To achieve low vibration levels, the following factors should be considered:
1. Improve the surface finish of the raceway and ball;
2. Select a reasonable cage structure;
3. Use low-noise, finely filtered grease;
4. Continuously monitor the vibration status of the equipment.
How to perform vibration monitoring?
When evaluating the “quietness” of a bearing’s operation, piezoelectric sensors or accelerometers are usually mounted on the outer ring of the bearing to monitor its vibration level in real time. Depending on the monitoring objectives, other types of sensors can also be selected for more detailed data collection.
Through accurate vibration measurement and analysis, bearing life can be effectively extended, failures can be prevented, and the overall operating reliability of the equipment can be improved.
If you would like to learn more about bearing vibration measurement, please contact us.
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